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FreeBASIC-Nachrichten jetzt auch über Twitter erhalten. Follow us!Referenz - Funktionen der CRT
Funktionen der C Standard Library
FreeBASIC erlaubt das Einbinden der Funktionen der Standard C Bibliothek. Hier eine alphabetische Aufstellung, sowie eine gruppierte nach ihrer Funnktionalität.
Beschreibung:
Die Kommentar-Spalte enthält eine kurze Beschreibung der Funktion. Die Liste ist nicht vollständig, gibt aber einen guten Überblick über die meisten Funktionen der C Runtime Library. Die angegebenen Funktionen werden sicher von FreeBASIC unterstützt. Für weitere Informationen siehe z.B. 
diese Referenz.
Hinweis: Die folgenden Deklarationen sind nicht die offiziell in FreeBASIC enthaltenen, sie sollten aber genügend Informationen geben, um die Funktionen anwenden zu können.
Die Datei-Spalte beinhaltet den Namen der Datei, die eingebunden werden muss. Dies geschieht mit dem Befehl 
INCLUDE am Anfang des Programmcodes. Sollte die angegebene Datei nicht eingebunden werden, wird das Programm entweder nicht compilieren, oder normal compilieren, aber danach falsche Werte ausgeben. Alle Header der C Runtime befinden sich im Unterordner crt. So muss, um etwa die math.bi einzubinden, #include "crt/math.bi" bzw. #include "crt/math.bi" angegeben werden. Alternativ kann man mit #include "crt.bi" alle Dateien einbinden.
Die Deklaration-Spalte enthalten folgende Informationen:
- der Name der Funktion;
- die benötigten Parameter der Funktion in Klammern, zusammen mit dem Datentyp des Parameters;
- den Datentyp des Rückgabewerts der Funktion.
So bedeutet z.B. atoi(a as zstring ptr) as integer, dass die Funktion atoi einen Wert vom Typ integer zurückgibt und einen zstring ptr als Parameter benötigt.
Alphabetische Liste
| Name | Deklaration (mit Parametern) | Datei | Kommentar |
|---|---|---|---|
| abs_ | abs_(n as integer) as integer | stdlib.bi | Gibt den Absolutwert zurück (also den positiven Wert) |
| acos_ | acos_(a as double) as double | math.bi | Gibt den Arkuscosinus zurück (Winkel in Radianten) |
| asin_ | asin_(a as double) as double | math.bi | Gibt den Arkussinus zurück (Winkel in Radianten) |
| atan_ | atan_(a as double) as double | math.bi | Gibt den Arkustangens zurück (Winkel in Radianten) |
| atan2_ | atan2_(y as double, x as double) as double | math.bi | Gibt den Arkustangens zurück (Ankathete als x, Gegenkathete als y) |
| atoi | atoi(s as zstring ptr) as integer | stdlib.bi | Konvertiert einen ZString mit Ziffern in eine Ganzzahl (Integer). |
| atof | atof(s as zstring ptr) as double | stdlib.bi | Konvertiert einen ZString mit Ziffern in eine Gleitkommazahl (Double). |
| calloc | calloc(NumElts as integer, EltSiz as integer) as any ptr | stdlib.bi | Fordert Speicher an. Gibt einen Pointer auf einen Puffer zurück, der Platz für ein Array bestehend aus NumElts Elementen der Größe EltSiz Bytes bietet. |
| ceil | ceil(d as double) as double | math.bi | Rundet auf die nächsthöhere Ganzzahl. |
| clearerr | clearerr(s as FILE ptr) | stdio.bi | Setzt den Error-Indikator eines Filestreams (lesen oder schreiben) zurück. |
| cos_ | cos_(ar as double) as double | math.bi | Gibt den Cosinus eines Winkels in Radianten zurück. |
| cosh | cosh(x as double) as double | math.bi | Gibt den Cosinus Hyperbolicus eines Winkels in Radianten zurück. |
| div | div(num as integer, denom as integer) as div_t | stdlib.bi | Gibt den Quotienten und Rest einer Division als Struktur div_t zurück. |
| ecvt | ecvt(x as double) as zstring ptr | math.bi | Konvertiert eine Zahl in einen ZString. |
| exit_ | exit_(status as integer) | stdlib.bi | Beendet das Programm. Dabei werden alle Dateipuffer geleert, offene Dateien geschlossen und von atexit() aufgerufene Funktionen ausgeführt. |
| exp_ | exp_(a as double) as double | math.bi | Gibt den Wert von e hoch a zurück (Umkehrfunktion des natürlichen Logarithmus). |
| fabs | fabs(d as double) as double | math.bi | Gibt den Absolutwert (d.h. den positiven Wert) einer Double-Zahl zurück. |
| fclose | fclose(s as FILE ptr) as FILE ptr | stdio.bi | Schließt eine Datei. Gibt bei Erfolg 0 zurück, andernfalls EOF. |
| feof | feof(s as FILE ptr) as integer | stdio.bi | Gibt den Wert des Dateiende-Indikators zurück. Dieser hat den Wert 0, solange das Dateiende noch nicht erreicht wurde. Der Indikator setzt sich automatisch zurück, aber kann auch manuell mittels clearerr() zurückgesetzt werden. |
| ferror | ferror(s as FILE ptr) as integer | stdio.bi | Gibt die Fehlernummer für einen Stream zurück (0 wenn kein Fehler aufgetreten ist). Die Fehlernummer wird durch clearerr() oder rewind() zurückgesetzt. |
| fflush | fflush(s as FILE ptr) as integer | stdio.bi | Leert (z. B. löscht) einen Stream (verwenden Sie stdin, um den Stream der Tastatur zu leeren). Gibt bei Erfolg 0 zurück. |
| fgetc | fgetc(s as FILE ptr) as integer | stdio.bi | Einzelnes eingelesenes Zeichen (als ASCII-Code) vom übergebenen Stream (stdin zum Lesen von der Tastatur). |
| fgetpos | fgetpos(s as FILE ptr, c as fpos_t ptr) as integer | stdio.bi | Speichert die Position des Dateizeigers von Stream s an der Stelle, auf die der Pointer c zeigt. |
| fgets | fgets(b as zstring ptr, n as integer, s as FILE ptr) as zstring ptr | stdio.bi | Liest bis zu n-1 Zeichen von Stream s in den Buffer b. |
| floor | floor(d as double) as double | math.bi | Gibt die größte ganze Zahl zurück, die kleiner oder gleich d ist. (Abrunden der Zahl d) |
| fmod | fmod(x as double, y as double) as double | math.bi | Errechnet den Rest der Division x / y. |
| fopen | fopen(file as zstring ptr, mode as zstring ptr) as FILE ptr | stdio.bi | Öffnet eine Datei. Übergeben wird der DOS-Dateiname und eine Modus-Zeichenkette. Gültige Werte für letztere sind r (read) für lesenden Zugriff, w (write) für schreibenden Zugriff, a (append) für schreibenden Zugriff am Dateiende und r+ (Datei muss existieren) bzw. w+ (Datei wird neu angelegt) für lesenden und schreibenden Zugriff. Zusätzlich kann ein angehängtes b die Verwendung des Binärmodus signalisieren. |
| fprintf | fprintf(s as FILE ptr, fmt as zstring ptr, ...) as integer | stdio.bi | Prints on stream s as many items as there are single % signs in fmt that have matching arguments in the list. |
| fputc | fputc(c as integer, s as FILE ptr) as integer | stdio.bi | Gibt ein einzelnes Zeichen c in den Stream s aus. |
| fputs | fputs(b as zstring ptr, s as FILE ptr) as integer | stdio.bi | Sends the character stream in b to stream s, returns 0 if the operation fails. |
| fread | fread(buf as any ptr, b as size_t, c as size_t, s as FILE ptr) as integer | stdio.bi | Liest c Daten-Elemente der Größe von b Bytes aus der Datei s in den Buffer buf. Gibt die Anzahl der Elemente an, die tatsächlich gelesen wurden. |
| free | free(p as any ptr) | stdlib.bi | Gibt den für einen Zeiger p angeforderten Speicher zur anderwertigen Verwendung wieder frei. |
| freopen | freopen(file as zstring ptr, mode as zstring ptr, s as FILE ptr) as FILE ptr | stdio.bi | Öffnet eine Datei, um einen Stream umzuleiten. Z. B. freopen("myfile", "w", stdout) öffnet die Datei "myfile" und leitet die Standardausgabe dorthin um. |
| frexp | frexp(x as double, p as integer ptr) as double | math.bi | Berechnet den Wert m so, dass x = m * 2 ^ exponent. p ist ein Pointer auf m; exponent ist der Rückgabewert der Funktion. |
| fscanf | fscanf(s as FILE ptr, fmt as zstring ptr, ...) as integer | stdio.bi | Reads from stream s as many items as there are % signs in fmt with corresponding listed pointers. |
| fseek | fseek(s as FILE ptr, offset as integer, origin as integer) as integer | stdio.bi | Locates a file pointer. With origin 0, 1 or 2 for the beginning, offset bytes into and at the end of the stream. |
| fsetpos | fsetpos(s as FILE ptr, p as fpos_t ptr) as integer | stdio.bi | Sets the file pointer for the stream s to the value pointed to by p. |
| ftell | ftell(s as FILE ptr) as long | stdio.bi | Locates the position of the file pointer for the stream s. |
| fwrite | fwrite(buf as any ptr, b as integer, c as integer, s as FILE ptr) as integer | stdio.bi | Writes the number c items of data of size b bytes from the buffer buf to the file s. Returns the number of data items actually written. |
| getc | getc(s as FILE ptr) as integer | stdio.bi | Macro for single character input (in ASCII) from passed stream. (stdin for keyboard) |
| getchar | getchar() as integer | stdio.bi | Liest ein einzelnes Zeichen von der Standardeingabe ein |
| gets | gets(b as zstring ptr) as zstring ptr | stdio.bi | Reads a stream of characters from the standard input until it meets \n or EOF. |
| hypot | hypot(x as double, y as double) as double | math.bi | Errechnet die Hypotenuse aus den Katheten x und y. |
| isalnum | isalnum(c as integer) as integer | ctype.bi | Gibt einen Wert ungleich 0 zurück, wenn es sich beim Zeichen c um einen Buchstaben oder eine Ziffer handelt. |
| isalpha | isalpha(c as integer) as integer | ctype.bi | Gibt einen Wert ungleich 0 zurück, wenn es sich beim Zeichen c um einen Buchstaben handelt. |
| iscntrl | iscntrl(c as integer) as integer | ctype.bi | Gibt einen Wert ungleich 0 zurück, wenn es sich beim Zeichen c um ein Steuerzeichen handelt. |
| isdigit | isdigit(c as integer) as integer | ctype.bi | Gibt einen Wert ungleich 0 zurück, wenn es sich beim Zeichen c um eine Ziffer handelt. |
| isgraph | isgraph(c as integer) as integer | ctype.bi | Gibt einen Wert ungleich 0 zurück, wenn es sich beim Zeichen c um ein darstellbares Zeichen handelt. |
| islower | islower(c as integer) as integer | ctype.bi | Gibt einen Wert ungleich 0 zurück, wenn es sich beim Zeichen c um einen Kleinbuchstaben handelt. |
| isprint | isprint(c as integer) as integer | ctype.bi | Gibt einen Wert ungleich 0 zurück, wenn es sich beim Zeichen c um ein druckbares Zeichen handelt. |
| ispunct | ispunct(c as integer) as integer | ctype.bi | Gibt einen Wert ungleich 0 zurück, wenn es sich beim Zeichen c um ein Satzzeichen handelt. |
| isspace | isspace(c as integer) as integer | ctype.bi | Gibt einen Wert ungleich 0 zurück, wenn es sich beim Zeichen c um ein Leerzeichen handelt. |
| isupper | isupper(c as integer) as integer | ctype.bi | Gibt einen Wert ungleich 0 zurück, wenn es sich beim Zeichen c um einen Großbuchstaben handelt. |
| isxdigit | isxdigit(c as integer) as integer | ctype.bi | Gibt einen Wert ungleich 0 zurück, wenn es sich beim Zeichen c um eine Hex-Ziffer handelt (0 bis F oder f). |
| ldexp | ldexp(x as double, n as integer) as double | math.bi | Gibt das Produkt von x und 2 hoch n zurück. |
| ldiv | ldiv(num as long, denom as long) as ldiv_t | stdlib.bi | Gibt Quotient und Rest einer Division als Struktur ldiv_t zurück. |
| log_ | log_(a as double) as double | math.bi | Gibt den natürlichen Logarithmus des Parameterwerts zurück. |
| log10 | log10(a as double) as double | math.bi | Gibt den Zehnerlogarithmus des Parameterswerts zurück. |
| malloc | malloc(bytes as integer) as any ptr | stdlib.bi | Allocates memory. Returns a pointer to a buffer comprising storage for the specified size. |
| modf | modf(d as double, p as double ptr) as double | math.bi | Gibt den Nachkommateil einer Gleitkommazahl d zurück. nt number d. Der Zeiger p zeigt auf den Ganzzahligen Anteil als Float |
| perror | perror(mess as zstring ptr) | stdio.bi | Prints on the stream stderr a message passed as the argument. |
| pow | pow(x as double, y as double) as double | math.bi | Returns x to the power y. |
| pow10 | pow10(x as double) as double | math.bi | Returns 10 to the power x (inverse function to log10()). |
| printf | printf(fmt as zstring ptr, ...) as integer | stdio.bi | Prints on standard output as many items as there are single % signs in fmt with matching arguments in the list. |
| putc | putc(c as integer, s as FILE ptr) as integer | stdio.bi | Macro to output the single character c to the stream s. |
| putchar | putchar(c as integer) as integer | stdio.bi | Macro to output the single character c to the standard output. |
| puts | puts(b as zstring ptr) as integer | stdio.bi | Sends the character stream in b to the standard output, returns 0 if operation fails. |
| rand | rand() as integer | stdlib.bi | Returns a pseudo random number. A seed is required. The seed is set with srand. |
| realloc | realloc(p as any ptr, newsize as size_t) as any ptr | stdlib.bi | Allocates memory. Returns a pointer to a buffer for a change in size of object pointed to by p. |
| rewind | rewind(s as FILE ptr) | stdio.bi | Clears the error indicators on a file stream (read or write). Necessary before reading an amended file. |
| scanf | scanf(fmt as zstring ptr, …) as integer | stdio.bi | Reads from standard input as many items as there are % signs in fmt with corresponding listed pointers. |
| sin_ | sin_(ar as double) as double | math.bi | Gibt den Sinus eines Winkels in Radianten zurück. |
| sinh | sinh(x as double) as double | math.bi | Gibt den Sinus Hyperbolicus eines Winkels in Radianten zurück. |
| sprintf | sprintf(p as zstring ptr, fmt as zstring ptr, ...) as integer | stdio.bi | Prints on zstring p as many items as there are single % signs in fmt that have matching arguments in the list. |
| sqrt | sqrt(a as double) as double | math.bi | Gibt die Quadratwurzel des Parameterwerts zurück. Bei einem negativen Wert unter der Wurzel wird ein Domain error ausgelöst. |
| srand | srand(seed as uinteger) | stdlib.bi | Sets the seed for a random number. A possible seed is the current time. |
| sscanf | sscanf(b as zstring ptr, fmt as zstring ptr, ...) as integer | stdio.bi | Reads from buffer b as many items as there are % signs in fmt with corresponding listed pointers. |
| strcat | strcat(s1 as zstring ptr, s2 as zstring ptr) as zstring ptr | string.bi | Concatenates (appends) zstring s2 to s1. |
| strchr | strchr(s as zstring ptr, c as integer) as zstring ptr | string.bi | Returns a pointer to the first occurrence of c in s or NULL if it fails to find one. |
| strcmp | strcmp(s1 as zstring ptr, s2 as zstring ptr) as integer | string.bi | Compares zstring s2 to s1. Returns 0 or signed difference in ASCII values of first non matching character. |
| strcpy | strcpy(s1 as zstring ptr, s2 as zstring ptr) as zstring ptr | string.bi | Copies s2 into s1. |
| strcspn | strcspn(s1 as zstring ptr, s2 as zstring ptr) as integer | string.bi | Gibt die Zeichenanzahl von s1 zurück, bis zu welcher kein Zeichen aus s2 vorkommt. |
| strerror | strerror(n as integer) as zstring ptr | string.bi | Returns a pointer to a system error message corresponding to the passed error number. |
| strlen | strlen(s as zstring ptr) as integer | string.bi | Gibt die Länge eines Null-terminierten Strings in Bytes zurück (ohne Null mitzuzählen). |
| strncat | strncat(s1 as zstring ptr, s2 as zstring ptr, n as integer) as zstring ptr | string.bi | Concatenates (appends) n bytes from zstring s2 to s1. |
| strncmp | strncmp(s1 as zstring ptr, s2 as any ptr, n as integer) as integer | string.bi | Compares n bytes of zstring s2 to the same of s1. Returns 0 or signed difference in ASCII values of first non matching character. |
| strncpy | strncpy(s1 as zstring ptr, s2 as zstring ptr, n as integer) as zstring ptr | string.bi | Copies n bytes from s2 into s1. |
| strpbrk | strpbrk(s1 as zstring ptr, s2 as zstring ptr) as zstring ptr | string.bi | Returns a pointer to the first character encountered in s1 that is also in s2. |
| strrchr | strrchr(s as zstring ptr, c as integer) as zstring ptr | string.bi | Returns a pointer to the last occurrence of c in s or NULL if it fails to find one. |
| strspn | strspn(s1 as zstring ptr, s2 as zstring ptr) as integer | string.bi | Gibt die Zeichenanzahl von s1 zurück, bis zu welcher kein nicht in s2 vorhandenes Zeichen vorkommt. |
| strstr | strstr(s1 as zstring ptr, s2 as zstring ptr) as zstring ptr | string.bi | Finds the location of the zstring s2 in s1 and returns a pointer to its leading character. |
| strtod | strtod(s as zstring ptr, p as zstring ptr) as double | stdlib.bi | Converts a zstring to double, provided the zstring is written in the form of a number. |
| strtok | strtok(s1 as zstring ptr, s2 as zstring ptr) as zstring ptr | string.bi | Returns pointers to successive tokens utilizing the zstring s1. Tokens regarded as separators are listed in s2. |
| System | System(command as zstring ptr) as integer | stdlib.bi | Executes, from within a program, a command addressed to the operating system written as a zstring (e.g. DIR on Windows and DOS and LS on Linux). |
| tan_ | tan_(ar as double) as double | math.bi | Gibt den Tangens eines Winkels in Radianten zurück. |
| tanh | tanh(x as double) as double | math.bi | Gibt den Tangens Hyperbolicus eines Winkels in Radianten zurück. |
| tolower | tolower(c as integer) as integer | ctype.bi | Converts a character from upper case to lower case (uses ASCII code). |
| toupper | toupper(c as integer) as integer | ctype.bi | Converts a character from lower case to upper case (uses ASCII code). |
| ungetc | ungetc(c as integer, s as FILE ptr) as integer | stdio.bi | Pushes a character c back into the stream s, returns EOF if unsuccessful. Do not push more than one character. |
Puffermanipulation
#include "crt/string.bi"
| Deklaration (mit Parametern) | Kommentar |
|---|---|
| memchr(s as any ptr, c as integer, n as size_t) as any ptr | Search for a character in a buffer. |
| memcmp(s1 as any ptr, s2 as any ptr, n as size_t) as integer | Compare two buffers. |
| memcpy(dest as any ptr, src as any ptr, n as size_t) as any ptr | Copy one buffer into another . |
| memmove(dest as any ptr, src as any ptr, n as size_t) as any ptr | Move a number of bytes from one buffer lo another. |
| memset(s as any ptr, c as integer, n as size_t) as any ptr | Set all bytes of a buffer to a given character. |
Zeichenklassifizierung - konvertierung
#include "crt/ctype.bi"
| Deklaration (mit Parametern) | Kommentar |
|---|---|
| isalnum(c as integer) as integer | TRUE if c is alphanumeric. |
| isalpha(c as integer) as integer | TRUE if c is a letter. |
| isascii(c as integer) as integer | TRUE if c is ASCII . |
| iscntrl(c as integer) as integer | TRUE if c is a control character. |
| isdigit(c as integer) as integer | TRUE if c is a decimal digit. |
| isgraph(c as integer) as integer | TRUE if c is a graphical character. |
| islower(c as integer) as integer | TRUE if c is a lowercase letter. |
| isprint(c as integer) as integer | TRUE if c is a printable character. |
| ispunct(c as integer) as integer | TRUE if c is a punctuation character. |
| isspace(c as integer) as integer | TRUE if c is a space character. |
| isupper(c as integer) as integer | TRUE if c is an uppercase letter. |
| isxdigit(c as integer) as integer | TRUE if c is a hexadecimal digit. |
| toascii(c as integer) as integer | Convert c to ASCII . |
| tolower(c as integer) as integer | Convert c to lowercase. |
| toupper(c as integer) as integer | Convert c to uppercase. |
Datenkonvertierung
#include "crt/stdlib.bi"
| Deklaration (mit Parametern) | Kommentar |
|---|---|
| atof(string1 as zstring ptr) as double | Convert zstring to floating point value. |
| atoi(string1 as zstring ptr) as integer | Convert zstring to an integer value. |
| atol(string1 as zstring ptr) as integer | Convert zstring to a long integer value. |
| itoa(value as integer, zstring as zstring ptr, radix as integer) as zstring ptr | Convert an integer value to a zstring using given radix. |
| ltoa(value as long, zstring as zstring ptr, radix as integer) as zstring ptr | Convert long integer to zstring in a given radix. |
| strtod(string1 as zstring ptr, endptr as zstring ptr) as double | Convert zstring to a floating point value. |
| strtol(string1 as zstring ptr, endptr as zstring ptr, radix as integer) as long | Convert zstring to a long integer using a given radix. |
| strtoul(string1 as zstring ptr, endptr as zstring ptr, radix as integer) as ulong | Convert zstring to unsigned long. |
Pfadmanipulation
#include "crt/io.bi"
| Deklaration (mit Parametern) | Kommentar |
|---|---|
| _chdir(path as zstring ptr) as integer | Change current directory to given path. |
| _getcwd(path as zstring ptr, numchars as integer) as zstring ptr | Returns name of current working directory. |
| _mkdir(path as zstring ptr) as integer | Create a directory using given path name. |
| _rmdir(path as zstring ptr) as integer | Delete a specified directory. |
Dateimanipulation
#include "crt/sys/stat.bi"
#include "crt/io.bi"
| Deklaration (mit Parametern) | Kommentar |
|---|---|
| chmod(path as zstring ptr, pmode as integer) as integer | Change permission settings of a file. |
| fstat(handle as integer, buffer as type stat ptr) as integer | Get file status information. |
| remove(path as zstring ptr) as integer | Delete a named file. |
| rename_(oldname as zstring ptr, newname as zstring ptr) as integer | rename a file. |
| stat(path as zstring ptr, buffer as type stat ptr) as integer | Get file status information of named file. |
| umask(pmode as uinteger) as uinteger | Set file permission mask. |
Stream I/O
#include "crt/stdio.bi"
| Deklaration (mit Parametern) | Kommentar |
|---|---|
| clearerr(file_pointer as FILE ptr) | Clear error indicator of stream, |
| fclose(file_pointer as FILE ptr) as integer | Close a file, |
| feof(file_pointer as FILE ptr) as integer | Check if end of file occurred on a stream. |
| ferror(file_pointer as FILE ptr) as integer | Check if any error occurred during file I/0. |
| fflush(file_pointer as FILE ptr) as integer | Write out (flush) buffer to file. |
| fgetc(file_pointer as FILE ptr) as integer | Get a character from a stream. |
| fgetpos(file_pointer as FILE ptr, fpos_t current_pos) as integer | Get the current position in a stream. |
| fgets(string1 as zstring ptr, maxchar as integer, file_pointer as FILE ptr) as zstring ptr | Read a zstring from a file. |
| fopen(filename as zstring ptr, access_mode as zstring ptr) as FILE ptr | Open a file for buffered I/0. |
| fprintf(file_pointer as FILE ptr, format_string as zstring ptr, args) as integer | Write formatted output to a file, |
| fputc(c as integer, file_pointer as FILE ptr) as integer | Write a character to a stream. |
| fputchar(c as integer) as integer | Write a character to stdout. |
| fputs(string1 as zstring ptr, file_pointer as FILE ptr) as integer | Write a zstring to a stream. |
| fread(buffer as zstring ptr, size as size_t count as size_t, file_pointer as FILE ptr) as size_t | Read unformatted data from a stream into a buffer. |
| freopen(filename as zstring ptr, access as zstring ptr mode, file_pointer as FILE ptr) as FILE ptr | Reassign a file pointer to a different file. |
| fscanf(file_pointer as FILE ptr, format as zstring ptr zstring, args) as integer | Read formatted input from a stream. |
| fseek(file_pointer as FILE ptr, offset as long, origin as integer) as integer | Set current position in file to a new location. |
| fsetpos(file_pointer as FILE ptr, current_pos as fpos_t) as integer | Set current position in file to a new location. |
| ftell(file_pointer as FILE ptr) as long | Get current location in file. |
| fwrite(buffer as zstring ptr, size as size_t, count as size_t file_pointer as FILE ptr) as size_t | Write unformatted data from a buffer to a stream. |
| getc(file_pointer as FILE ptr) as integer | Read a character from a stream. |
| getchar() as integer | Read a character from stdin. |
| gets(buffer as zstring ptr) as zstring ptr | Read a line from stdin into a buffer. |
| printf(format as zstring ptr _string, args) as integer | Write formatted output to stdout. |
| putc(c as integer, file_pointer as FILE ptr) as integer | Write a character to a stream. |
| putchar(c as integer) as integer | Write a character to stdout. |
| puts(string1 as zstring ptr) as integer | Write a zstring to stdout. |
| rewind(file_pointer as FILE ptr) | Rewind a file. |
| scanf(format_string as zstring ptr, args) as integer | Read formatted input from stdin. |
| setbuf(file_pointer as FILE ptr, buffer as zstring ptr) | Set up a new buffer for the stream. |
| setvbuf(file_pointer as FILE ptr, buffer as zstring ptr, buf_type as integer, buf as size_t size) as integer | Set up new buffer and control the level of buffering on a stream. |
| sprintf(string1 as zstring ptr, format_string as zstring ptr, args) as integer | Write formatted output to a zstring. |
| sscanf(buffer as zstring ptr, format_string as zstring ptr, args) as integer | Read formatted input from a zstring. |
| tmpfile() as FILE ptr | Open a temporary file. |
| tmpnam(file_name as zstring ptr) as zstring ptr | Get temporary file name. |
| ungetc(c as integer, file_pointer as FILE ptr) as integer | Push back character into stream' s buffer |
Low level I/O
#include "crt/io.bi"
Nur für Windows, da für die anderen Plattformen bis jetzt die Header fehlen.
| Deklaration (mit Parametern) | Kommentar |
|---|---|
| _close(handle as integer) as integer | Close a file opened for unbuffered I/O. |
| _creat(filename as zstring ptr, pmode as integer) as integer | Create a new file with specified permission setting. |
| _eof(handle as integer) as integer | Check for end of file. |
| _lseek(handle as integer, offset as long, origin as integer) as long | Go to a specific position in a file. |
| _open(filename as zstring ptr, oflag as integer, pmode as uinteger) as integer | Open a file for low-level I/O. |
| _read(handle as integer, buffer as zstring ptr, length as uinteger) as integer | Read binary data from a file into a buffer. |
| _write(handle as integer, buffer as zstring ptr, count as uinteger) as integer | Write binary data from a buffer to a file. |
Mathematik
#include "crt/math.bi"
| Deklaration (mit Parametern) | Kommentar |
|---|---|
| abs_(n as integer) as integer | Get absolute value of an integer. |
| acos_(x as double) as double | Compute arc cosine of x. |
| asin_(x as double) as double | Compute arc sine of x. |
| atan_(x as double) as double | Compute arc tangent of x. |
| atan2_(y as double, x as double) as double | Compute arc tangent of y/x. |
| ceil(x as double) as double | Get smallest integral value that exceeds x. |
| cos_(x as double) as double | Compute cosine of angle in radians. |
| cosh(x as double) as double | Compute the hyperbolic cosine of x. |
| div(number as integer, denom as integer) as div_t | Divide one integer by another. |
| exp_(x as double) as double | Compute exponential of x. |
| fabs(x as double) as double | Compute absolute value of x. |
| floor(x as double) as double | Get largest integral value less than x. |
| fmod(x as double, y as double) as double | Divide x by y with integral quotient and return remainder. |
| frexp(x as double, expptr as integer ptr) as double | Breaks down x into mantissa and exponent of no. |
| labs(n as long) as long | Find absolute value of long integer n. |
| ldexp(x as double, exp as integer) as double | Reconstructs x out of mantissa and exponent of two. |
| ldiv(number as long, denom as long) as ldiv_t | Divide one long integer by another. |
| log_(x as double) as double | Compute log(x). |
| log10(x as double) as double | Compute log to the base 10 of x. |
| modf(x as double, intptr as double ptr) as double | Breaks x into fractional and integer parts. |
| pow(x as double, y as double) as double | Compute x raised to the power y. |
| rand() as integer | Get a random integer between 0 and 32. |
| Random(max_num as integer) as integer | Get a random integer between 0 and max_num. |
| Randomize() | Set a random seed for the random number generator. |
| sin_(x as double) as double | Compute sine of angle in radians. |
| sinh(x as double) as double | Compute the hyperbolic sine of x. |
| sqrt(x as double) as double | Compute the square root of x. |
| srand(seed as uinteger) | Set a new seed for the random number generator (rand). |
| tan_(x as double) as double | Compute tangent of angle in radians. |
| tanh(x as double) as double | Compute the hyperbolic tangent of x. |
Speicherallokation
#include "crt/stdlib.bi"
| Deklaration (mit Parametern) | Kommentar |
|---|---|
| calloc(num as size_t elems, elem_size as size_t) as any ptr | Allocate an array and initialise all elements to zero . |
| free(mem_address as any ptr) | Free a block of memory. |
| malloc(num as size_t bytes) as any ptr | Allocate a block of memory. |
| realloc(mem_address as any ptr, newsize as size_t) as any ptr | ReAllocate (adjust size) a block of memory. |
Prozesskontrolle
#include "crt/stdlib.bi"
| Deklaration (mit Parametern) | Kommentar |
|---|---|
| abort() | Abort a process. |
| execl(path as zstring ptr, arg0 as zstring ptr, arg1 as zstring ptr,..., NULL) as integer | Launch a child process (pass command line). |
| execlp(path as zstring ptr, arg0 as zstring ptr, arg1 as zstring ptr,..., NULL) as integer | Launch child (use PATH, pass command line). |
| execv(path as zstring ptr, argv as zstring ptr) as integer | Launch child (pass argument vector). |
| execvp(path as zstring ptr, argv as zstring ptr) as integer | Launch child (use PATH, pass argument vector). |
| exit_(status as integer) | Terminate process after flushing all buffers. |
| getenv(varname as zstring ptr) as zstring ptr | Get definition of environment variable, |
| perror(string1 as zstring ptr) | Print error message corresponding to last system error. |
| putenv(envstring as zstring ptr) as integer | Insert new definition into environment table. |
| raise(signum as integer) as integer | Generate a C signal (exception). |
| system_(string1 as zstring ptr) as integer | Execute a resident operating system command. |
Suchen und Sortieren
#include "crt/stdlib.bi"
Hinweis: Die compare Callback-Funktion, die von bsearch und qsort benötigt wird, muss mit CDECL deklariert werden. Sie muss kleiner 0 sein, wenn der Wert des ersten Parameters der Funktion vor dem, des zweiten in der Sortierung liegt und größer 0, wenn der erste Wert hinter dem zweiten liegt. Die Funktion muss 0 zurückgeben, wenn beide Werte gleich sind.
| Deklaration (mit Parametern) | Kommentar |
|---|---|
| bsearch(key as any ptr, base as any ptr, num as size_t, width as size_t, compare as function(elem1 as any ptr, elem2 as any ptr) as integer) as any ptr | Perform binary search. |
| qsort(base as any ptr, num as size_t, width as size_t, compare as function(elem1 as any ptr, elem2 as any ptr) as integer) | Use the quicksort algorithm to sort an array. |
Stringmanipulation
#include "crt/string.bi"
| Deklaration (mit Parametern) | Kommentar |
|---|---|
| stpcpy(dest as zstring ptr, src as zstring ptr) as zstring ptr | Copy one zstring into another. |
| strcmp(string1 as zstring ptr, string2 as zstring ptr) as integer | Compare string1 and string2 to determine alphabetic order. |
| strcpy(string1 as zstring ptr, string2 as zstring ptr) as zstring ptr | Copy string2 to string1. |
| strerror(errnum as integer) as zstring ptr | Get error message corresponding to specified error number. |
| strlen(string1 as zstring ptr) as integer | Determine the length of a zstring. |
| strncat(string1 as zstring ptr, string2 as zstring ptr, n as size_t) as zstring ptr | Append n characters from string2 to string1. |
| strncmp(string1 as zstring ptr, string2 as zstring ptr, n as size_t) as integer | Compare first n characters of two strings. |
| strncpy(string1 as zstring ptr, string2 as zstring ptr, n as size_t) as zstring ptr | Copy first n characters of string2 to string1. |
| strnset(string1 as zstring ptr, c as integer, size _t n) as zstring ptr | Set first n characters of zstring to c. |
| strrchr(string1 as zstring ptr, c as integer) as zstring ptr | Find last occurrence of character c in zstring. |
Zeit
#include "crt/time.bi"
| Deklaration (mit Parametern) | Kommentar |
|---|---|
| asctime(time as type tm ptr) as zstring ptr | Convert time from type tm to zstring. |
| clock() as clock_t | Get elapsed processor time in clock ticks. |
| ctime(time as time_t ptr) as zstring ptr | Convert binary time to zstring. |
| difftime(time_t time2, time_t time1) as double | Compute the difference between two times in seconds. |
| gmtime(time as time_t ptr) as type tm ptr | Get Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) in a tm structure. |
| localtime(time as time_t ptr) as type tm ptr | Get the local time in a tm structure. |
| time_(timeptr as time_t ptr) as time_t | Get current time as seconds elapsed since 0 hours GMT 1/1/70. |
Siehe auch:
| Zusätzliche Informationen und Funktionen | ||||
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